The top 10 most common nutritional deficiencies globally are:
1. Iron deficiency: This is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide, affecting more than a quarter of the global population, especially women and children.
2. Vitamin D deficiency: Lack of exposure to sunlight, poor dietary intake, and certain health conditions can contribute to vitamin D deficiency, which is prevalent in both developed and developing countries.
3. Iodine deficiency: This deficiency affects around 30% of the global population, particularly in areas where the iodine content in soil and water is low. It can lead to impaired cognitive development and thyroid problems.
4. Vitamin B12 deficiency: This deficiency is common among vegetarians, vegans, and older adults due to inadequate dietary intake or impaired absorption. It can cause anemia and neurological problems.
5. Calcium deficiency: A significant proportion of the global population does not consume enough calcium-rich foods, leading to an increased risk of osteoporosis and other bone disorders.
6. Vitamin A deficiency: This deficiency primarily affects children in developing countries and is a leading cause of preventable blindness. It can also weaken the immune system.
7. Zinc deficiency: Zinc deficiency is prevalent in many developing countries due to poor dietary intake. It can lead to growth retardation, impaired immune function, and delayed wound healing.
8. Vitamin C deficiency: Although rare in developed countries, vitamin C deficiency can occur in populations with limited access to fresh fruits and vegetables, leading to scurvy and weakened immunity.
9. Folate deficiency: Inadequate intake of folate-rich foods or impaired absorption can result in folate deficiency, which is associated with anemia, neural tube defects in infants, and increased risk of certain cancers.
10. Magnesium deficiency: Many people worldwide do not meet their daily magnesium requirements, which can lead to muscle weakness, fatigue, and increased risk of chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.